4/29/2021 0 Comments Frenkel Exercise Manual
A companion volume to the 2nd edition of Fiscal policies and the world economy by Jacob Frenkel and Assaf Razin--Page 4 of cover Includes bibliographical references.Systematic reviews can particularly provide important information on physical therapy use for cerebellar ataxia.Its based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression.As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world.
How By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Our authors and editors We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. Content Alerts Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective How it works Manage preferences Contact Want to get in touch Contact our London head office or media team here Careers Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. Open access peer-reviewed chapter Physical Therapy for Cerebellar Ataxia By Akiyoshi Matsugi Submitted: October 2nd 2016 Reviewed: January 27th 2017 Published: May 10th 2017 DOI: 10.577267649 Home Books Neurological Physical Therapy Downloaded: 5361 Abstract Ataxia, the incoordination and balance dysfunction in movements without muscle weakness, causes gait and postural disturbance in patients with stroke, multiple sclerosis, and degeneration in the cerebellum. The aim of this article was to provide a narrative review of the previous reports on physical therapy for mainly cerebellar ataxia offering various opinions. Some systematic reviews and randomized control trial studies, which were searched in the electronic databases using terms ataxia and physical therapy, enable a strategy for physical therapy for cerebellar ataxia. Intensive physical therapy more than 1 hour per day for at least 4 weeks, focused on balance, gait, and strength training in hospital and home for patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia can improve ataxia, gait ability, and activity of daily living. ![]() Previous findings indicated that physical therapy is time restricted; therefore, its long-term effect and the effect of new optional neurophysiological methods should be studied. Keywords ataxia cerebellum physical therapy balance training noninvasive brain stimulation stroke degenerative ataxia multiple sclerosis chapter and author info Author Akiyoshi Matsugi Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shijonawate Gakuen University, Osaka, Japan Address all correspondence to: a-matsugireha.shijonawate-gakuen.ac.jp DOI: 10.577267649 From the Edited Volume IntechOpen Neurological Physical Therapy Edited by Toshiaki Suzuki Neurological Physical Therapy Edited by Toshiaki Suzuki Show 1. Introduction Incoordination and balance dysfunction in movements without muscle weakness are the most accepted definition of ataxia, which has three subcategories: sensory, vestibular 1, and cerebellar ataxia 2, 3. When the cerebellum is damaged, activity of daily living (ADL) is disturbed in patients with the ataxia owing to diseases, such as spinocerebellar degeneration 4 8, multiple sclerosis (MS) 2, 3, 9 13, and stroke 14 17. In contrast, these can have several causes in children, such as infection and tumor 18. The cerebellum contributes to sensory motor control 3, 19 25, gait 11, 21, 26 31, and balance 5 for maintenance of upright posture. Therefore, if the cerebellum is damaged, then these functions are disturbed, and dysmetria, tremor, rebound phenomenon, dysdiadochokinesia, dyssynergia, and hypotonia 24, 34. Intervention is provided to patients with cerebellar ataxia to recover motor function and ADL. The intervention for rehabilitation includes medication 35, 36, surgery, and physical therapy 6, 9. The effect of medication and surgery depends on the cause of ataxia and extent of neuronal damage 37, 38; however, there is no radical treatment for these diseases yet. Patients with cerebellar damage have impaired motor learning 15, 39 46, but their ataxia, gait, and ADL can be improved. Studies with high methodological quality and scientific evidence regarding the intervention using physical therapy for cerebellar ataxia occur as systematic reviews, randomized control trials (RCT), and guidelines.
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